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Missouri Persecutions: 1833 (1) |
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"Savage barbarity and mobocracy" in
Jackson county. Local leaders agree Mormons will leave. The Evening
and the Morning Star blameless §. On July
20 §, the mob demands all Mormons leave immediately,
then burns the home/printing office of W. W. Phelps to the ground, tars
and feathers Edward Partridge and Charles Allen, and coerces A. S. Gilbert
into closing the Lord's storehouse. Lieutenant Governor
Lilburn W. Boggs and nine ministers blamed. |
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HISTORY OF JOSEPH SMITH.
[Continued.]
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TS 6, no. 4 (Mar. 1,
1845): 816819. John Taylor, editor.
[Continued.] is in
the original. |
Missouri
mobocracy
Clerics prominent in mob
Pixley |
¶ |
July, which once dawned upon the virtue and independence of
the United States, now dawned upon the savage barbarity and mobocracy
of Missouri. Most of the clergy, acting as missionaries to the Indians,
or to the frontier inhabitants, were among the most prominent characters,
that rose up and rushed on to destroy the rights of the church, as well
as the lives of her members. One Pixley, who had been sent by the Missionary
Society, to civilize and christianize the heathen of the west, was a black
rod in the hand of Satan, as well as a poisoned shaft in the power of our
foes, to spread lies and falsehoods. |
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Pixley
article on false prophets |
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He followed writing horrible accounts, to the religious papers
in the east, to sour the public mind, from time to time; besides using his
influence, among Indians and whites, to overthrow the church. On the first
of July, he wrote a slanderous article entitled, "Beware of false Prophets,"
which he actually carried from house to house, to incense the inhabitants
against the church, to mob them, and drive them away. |
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Star pacific |
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The July number of the Evening
and Morning Star, pursued a mild and pacific course, the first article therein,
entitled, "Beware of false Prophets," was calculated to disabuse
the honest, public mind, from Pixley's falsehoods; |
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EMS editor W. W. Phelps,
editor, countered Pixley with: "When men, as servants of the Lord
are building up mite societies, or any other societies
wherein money
is the principal means of urging on the work of the Lord, (as it is termed)
seeing that the blessed Savior never taught any such things as the gospel,
or as appendage to it, we exclaim, Beware of false prophets
" EMS 2, no. 14 (July 1833): 1. |
Article
should have silenced fears |
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and the caution against "Free
people of color," settling in Missouri, was sufficient to silence
the fears of every sober mind, yet, it was all in vain; the hour of trial
must come: and, notwithstanding the constitution of Missouri, as published
in the same paper, says: |
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Missouri
constitution on freedom of religion |
¶ |
Article 4th. That all men have a natural and indefeasible right to worship
Almighty God according to the dictates of their own consciences; and that
no man can be compelled to erect, support, or attend any place of worship,
or to maintain any minister of the gospel or teacher of religion; that
no human authority can control or interfere with the rights of conscience;
that no person can ever be hurt, molested, or restrained in his religious
professions or sentiments, if he do not disturb others in their religious
worship.
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¶ |
5th. That no person, on account of his religious opinions, can be rendered
ineligible to any office of trust or profit under this state; that no
preference can ever be given by law, to any sect or mode of worship:
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Satan persecutes
Saints for beliefs |
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yet, because the saints believed and taught differently from
their neighbors, and according to the laws of heaven, in spiritual things,
Satan said, let there be a mob and a mob there was, and they drew up and
published a manifesto, which will appear in its place. |
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Extracts
from missionary letters |
¶ |
Extracts, from the elder's letters, to the editor of the Evening
and Morning Star, in the July number: |
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¶ |
"Palmyra, Missouri, May 16th, 1833.
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Baptize
18 |
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The Lord is opening the eyes of the blind, and blessing our labors. We
have baptized eighteen members in this settlement.
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¶ |
G. M. HINKLE,
ELISHA GROVES." |
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¶ |
"Six miles off Quincy; (Mo) June 3, 1833.
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Early June:
persecution rages |
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Every few days there are some honest souls born into the kingdom of God.
Persecution rages to a considerable extent. It seems as if every denomination,
sect, party and club, were prepared to fight against the work of the Lord.
I often think of Paul, when his friends let him down by the wall, in a
basket; but, notwithstanding all that I suffer, I rejoice. I will live
godly in Christ Jesus, though I suffer persecution.
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Cholera |
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A man has just told me, that in Palmyra, in forty eight hours, the cholera
had taken forty-seven to their graves. The disease is in the country,
as well as the town, and carries off all ages, colors and conditions,
sparing none.
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¶ |
GEORGE M. HINKLE."
[817] |
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[Omitting Sylvester Smith excerpt from New York
and excerpts from "The Elders Stationed in Zion," which were
written before violence erupted.]
[818]
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Kirtland
council |
¶ |
July 13th. A council of elders, viz: G. H. Carter, Jacob Wood,
Dennis Lake, Brigham Young, James Lake, N.
K. Whitney, John
Smith, Luke
Johnson, with myself, assembled in Kirtland; Elder James Lake desired to
know the will of the Lord, whether he should proceed on to Zion, or remain
in Kirtland; it was decided that he should remain in Kirtland. |
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[Omitting the Star's Extra of July 16. See ¶ Free People
of Color
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July 20
mob demands
Brethren refuse, mob burns print shop, turn Phelps family out |
¶ |
On the 20th, the mob collected, and demanded the discontinuance
of the printing in Jackson county: a closing of the store: and a cessation
of all mechanical labors. The brethren refused compliance, and the consequence
was, that the house of W. W. Phelps, which contained the printing establishment,
was thrown down; the materials taken possession of by the mob; many papers
destroyed, and the family and furniture thrown out doors. |
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The mob then proceeded to violence towards [819] Edward Partridge, the bishop of the church, as he relates in his autobiography;
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Taken
from home to court house
George Simpson leader
Tarred and feathered for refusing to leave |
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I was taken from my house by the mob, George Simpson
being their leader, who escorted me about half a mile, to the court house,
on the public square in Independence; and then and there, a few rods from
said court house, surrounded by hundreds of the mob, I was stripped of
my hat, coat and vest, and daubed with tar from head to foot, and then
had a quantity of feathers put upon me, and all this, because I would
not agree to leave the county, my home where I had lived two years.
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Speech
before being tarred |
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Before tarring and feathering me, I was permitted to speak. I told them
that the saints had had to suffer persecution in all ages of the world,
that I had done nothing which ought to offend any one. That if they abused
me, they would abuse an innocent person. That I was willing to suffer
for the sake of Christ; but, to leave the country I was not then willing
to consent to it.
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Attitude
of crowd |
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By this time the multitude made so much noise that I could not be heard:
some were cursing and swearing, saying, call upon your Jesus &c.;
others were equally noisy in trying to still the rest, that they might
be enabled to hear what I was saying.
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Filled
with love |
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Until after I had spoken, I knew not what they intended to do with me,
whether to kill me, to whip me, or what else I knew not. I bore my abuse
with so much resignation and meekness, that it appeared to astound the
multitude, who permitted me to retire in silence, many looking very solemn,
their sympathies having been touched as I thought; and, as to myself,
I was so filled with the spirit and love of God, that I had no hatred
towards my persecutors, or any one else.
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Charles
Allen tarred |
¶ |
Charles Allen was next stripped and tarred and
feathered, because he would not agree to leave the county, or deny the Book
of Mormon. |
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Stopped
Sidney Gilbert agreed to close store |
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Others were brought up to be served likewise or whipped, but
from some cause, the mob ceased operations, and adjourned until Tuesday
the 23rd. Elder Gilbert, the keeper of the store agreed to close that; and
that may have been one reason, why the work of destruction was suddenly
stopped for two days. |
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Lilburn
Boggs: leave |
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In the course of this day's wicked outrageous
and unlawful proceedings, many solemn realities of human degredation, as
well as thrilling incidents were presented to the saints. An armed and well
organized mob in a government professing to be governed by law, with the
Lieutenant Governor, (Lilburn W. Boggs,) the second officer in the state,
calmly looking on, and secretly aiding every movement, saying to the saints,
"you now know what our Jackson boys can do, and you must leave the
country," |
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Ministers:
ought to be destroyed |
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and all the justices, judges, constables, sheriffs,
and military officers, headed by such western missionaries and clergymen
as the Reverends McCoy, Kavanaugh, Hunter, Fitzhugh, Pixley, Likens, Lovelady,
and Bogart, consisting of Methodists, Baptists, Presbyterians, and all
the different sects of religionists that inhabited that country; with
that great moral reformer, and Register of the Land Office at Lexington,
forty miles east, known as the head and father of the Cumberland Presbyterians,
even the Reverend Finis Ewing publicly publishing that the "Mormons
were the common enemies of mankind, and ought to be destroyed;" |
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Original: Bogard
Finis
Ewing (17731841) attended Spring Hill Seminary in Tennessee and was
ordained by the Cumberland Presbytery in 1803. Two years later, the Commission
of the Synod of Kentucky declared Cumberland Presbytery ordinations invalid.
Ewing took the lead of those defending the Cumberland Presbytery. In 1820
he moved to Cooper County, Missouri (a little northwest of the center of
the state), and founded the New Lebanon congregation. In 1836 he moved
to Lexington, Missouri (about 30 miles west of Independence). |
Mormons
committed no crime |
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all these solemn realities were enough to melt
the heart of a savage; while there was not a solitary offence on record,
or proof that a saint had broken the law of the land. |
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Man
may torment body but God punishes the soul |
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And when Bishop
Partridge: who was without guile, and Elders Charles Allen, walked
off, amid the horrid yells of an infuriated mob, coated like some un-named,
unknown biped, and one of the sisters cried aloud; "while you, who have done
this wicked deed, must suffer the vengeance of God; they, having endured
persecution, can rejoice, for henceforth, for them, is laid up a crown,
eternal in the heavens;" surely there was a time of awful reflection,
that man, unrestrained, like the brute beast, may torment the body; but
God in return, will punish the soul.
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without guile: D&C
41:9 |
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Missouri Persecutions (2)
Expulsion from Jackson County
Jackson County
Missouri
Home
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